Description
DUPLEX 2205 STAINLESS STEEL PIPE BRIEF INTRODUCTION
duplex 2205 stainless steel pipe or duplex 2205 pipe with excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, and good weldability, in oil and gas industry, Marine engineering, chemical industry and other industries have a wide range of USES.
The duplex 2205 stainless steel pipe, also known as 2205 duplex pipe, duplex steel pipe 2205, or duplex pipe SAF2205, is a versatile and highly resilient material widely used across various industries. Its unique combination of ferrite and austenite microstructures grants it exceptional mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and good weldability.
Oil and gas industry at present USES duplex stainless steel material laying of oil and gas pipeline length has more than 850 km, the vast majority of the 2205 duplex stainless steel seamless steel tube (there is also a part of S31803 duplex 2205 stainless steel pipe s, 2507 duplex stainless steel pipe tube);
Due to the corrosive strength of the natural gas medium, the high-pressure duplex 2205 stainless steel pipe line materials.
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4.duplex 2205 stainless steel tube welded
5.duplex 2205 stainless steel pipe fittings
– Elbow: 90°，30°，45°， 60°，180°
– Tee ： Equal Tee, Reducing Tee
– Reducer: Concentric reducer,Eccentric reducer
– Cross: 4 ways cross
– Cap: pipe caps
– Stub end
6.duplex 2205 stainless steel pipe flanges
– WN flange: weld neck type
– SW flange: socket weld type
– SO flange: slip on type
– Lap j flange: Lap Joint type
– BL flange: Blind type
7.duplex 2205 stainless steel valves
2205 DUPLEX PIPE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION:
| Chemical Composition | Percentage |
|---|---|
| Chromium (Cr) | 21-23% |
| Nickel (Ni) | 4.5-6.5% |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 2.5-3.5% |
| Nitrogen (N) | 0.08-0.20% |
| Carbon (C) | ≤ 0.030% |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤ 2.00% |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤ 1.00% |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.030% |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.020% |
ASTM A790 UNS S32205 Duplex Steel Pipe 2205 PMI Test:
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DUPLEX 2205 STAINLESS STEEL PIPE ( DUPLEX 2205 PIPE ) PERFOMACE AND COMPARISON
duplex 2205 stainless steel pipe SAF2205 combination of ferrite and austenite is the most beneficial properties, has the very good resistance to chloride stress corrosion cracking, is made up of 21% chromium, 2.5% nitrogen and 4.5% molybdenum nickel alloy consisting of duplex stainless steel.
it is the yield strength of austenitic stainless steel double, this feature enables designers when designing products lose weight, make this kind of alloy has the advantages of more than 316,317L.
Due to the high levels of chrome and molybdenum, the ability to resist spot corrosion and uniform corrosion is excellent. The double phase microstructure ensures that the steel has high tensile strength and high mechanical strength.
Comparison with Other Stainless Steel Grades
Compared to traditional stainless steel grades like 304 and 316, duplex 2205 stainless steel pipe offers several advantages:
1. Higher Strength: Resulting in lighter structures and cost savings.
2. Better Corrosion Resistance: especially in harsh/corrosive environments,such as seawater with high chloride content, acidic wastewater, offshore oil and gas systems maintain structural integrity under extreme conditions, including temperatures ranging from -50°C to 300°C, etc.
3. Cost-Effective: Often more affordable due to reduced material thickness required for equivalent strength.
2205 Duplex Pipe Saf2205 Corrosion Resistance Comparison
| Stainless Steel Grade | Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance | Uniform Corrosion Resistance | Tensile Strength |
|---|---|---|---|
| 304 | Moderate | Good | Moderate |
| 316 | Better than 304 | Excellent | Better than 304 |
| 2205 Duplex pipe | Excellent | Excellent | Ve |
Visual Representation: Corrosion Resistance
304 316 2205 Corrosion Resistance Comparison chart for your reference
Duplex 2205 Pipe Conclusion
2205 duplex pipe saf2205 is a high-performance material offering a unique combination of strength, corrosion resistance, and weldability. Its versatility makes it suitable for a wide range of applications across various industries. With in-stock availability and custom manufacturing options, it is a reliable choice for projects requiring robust and resilient piping solutions.
DUPLEX STEEL PIPE 2205 PIPE DIFFERENTS FROM OTHER GRADES STAINLESS STEEL
DUPLEX 2205 | 304 | 316L | REMARKS | ||
resistance to corrosion | Corrosion resistance of chlorinated chloride | >1000 | 47 | 152 | 40%Cacl2 100℃ Cause corrosion cracking time（h） |
PREN | 35.4 | 18.4 | 25.9 | PREN The greater the coefficient, the stronger the hole erosion | |
Intercrystalline corrosion | very good | good | ok | ||
Uniform corrosion resistance g.(m2.h)-1 | 0.021 | 57 | 12.1 | 20%H2So4 60℃ 100h | |
Fatigue resistance ≥ | very good | good | ok | ||
Mechanical properties | Tensile strength Rm((Mpa)≥ | 620 | 485 | 485 | 1020-1100℃ Water quenching |
yield strength Rp0.2(Mpa)≥ | 450 | 170 | 170 | 1020-1100℃ Water quenching | |
elongation A50（%）≥ | 25 | 40 | 40 | 1020-1100℃ Water quenching | |
Hardness (b/l) ≤ | 290/30.5 | 187/90 | 187/90 | 1020-1100℃ Water quenching | |
Physical properties | Coefficient of thermal conductivity w/(m. ℃) | 19 | 18 | 15 | 20-100℃ |
Linear expansion coefficient（10-5/℃） | 13.7 | 16 | 16 | 20-100℃ | |
Welding performance | The line thermal tendency coefficient is small, need not preheat before welding, do not need heat treatment after welding, can be welded with 304 stainless steel | In principle, no welding and preheating should be done | Welding is prone to high temperature cracks | ||
Integrated performance comparison | very good | good | good |
DUPLEX PIPE 2205 ( DUPLEX 2205 PIPE ) APPLICATIONS:
Types and Manufacturing Processes
Duplex 2205 stainless steel pipes are manufactured in various forms, including:
1.Seamless and Welded Pipes: Both options available to suit different applications.
2. Shapes: Round, square, and rectangular pipes and tubes.
3. Standard Sizes: Available in stock and can be custom-produced. OD: 6-2400mm WT: 1-70mm
4. Excutive Standards: ASTM A790, ASTM A789, ASTM A928 etc.
2205 Duplex Pipe Saf2205 Manufacturing Processes:
- Seamless Manufacturing: Involves hot rolling or cold drawing to achieve the desired dimensions.
- Welded Manufacturing: Uses automated welding techniques to ensure consistent weld quality.
DUPLEX 2205 STAINLESS STEEL PIPE PACKING & DELIVERY Duplex 2205 Stainless Steel Pipe / Duplex 2205 Pipe In stock
Packaging Options:
1. Plastic Bundles: For protection and ease of handling.
2. Wooden Cases: Provides additional strength and security for international shipments.
3. Additionally, Custom Packaging: As per customer requirements.
Delivery Timeline:
1. In-Stock Items: Typically dispatched within 7 days.
2. Custom Orders: Delivered within 30 days, depending on the complexity and volume.
DUPLEX 2205 STAINLESS STEEL PIPE TYPES
DUPLEX PIPE SAF2205 ( DUPLEX 2205 PIPE ) STANDARD SIZES AVAILABLE IN STOCK AND ARRANGE PRODUCTION.
| INCH | inch sizc (ID) | OD | STANDARD WT | ||||||||||||||
| SCH 5s | SCH 10S | SCH 10 | SCH 20 | SCH 30 | SCH 40 | SCH 60 | SCH 80 | SCH 100 | SCH 120 | SCH 140 | SCH 160 | STD | XS | XXS | |||
| 1/8 | DN6 | 10.3 | – | 1.24 | – | – | – | 1.73 | – | 2.42 | – | – | – | – | 1.73 | 2.41 | – |
| 1/4 | DN8 | 13.7 | – | 1.65 | – | – | – | 2.24 | – | 3.02 | – | – | – | – | 2.24 | 3.02 | – |
| 3/8 | DN10 | 17.1 | – | 1.65 | – | – | – | 2.31 | – | 3.2 | – | – | – | – | 2.31 | 3.2 | – |
| 1/2 | DN15 | 21.3 | 1.65 | 2.11 | – | – | – | 2.77 | – | 3.73 | – | – | – | 4.78 | 2.77 | 3.73 | 7.47 |
| 3/4 | DN20 | 26.7 | 1.65 | 2.11 | – | – | – | 2.87 | – | 3.91 | – | – | – | 5.56 | 2.87 | 3.91 | 7.82 |
| 1 | DN25 | 33.4 | 1.65 | 2.77 | – | – | – | 3.38 | – | 4.55 | – | – | – | 6.35 | 3.38 | 4.55 | 9.09 |
| 1.1/4 | DN32 | 42.2 | 1.65 | 2.77 | – | – | – | 3.56 | – | 4.85 | – | – | – | 6.35 | 3.58 | 4.85 | 9.7 |
| 1.1/2 | DN40 | 48.3 | 1.65 | 2.77 | – | – | – | 3.68 | – | 5.05 | – | – | – | 7.14 | 3.68 | 5.08 | 10.15 |
| 2 | DN50 | 60.3 | 1.65 | 2.77 | – | – | – | 3.91 | – | 5.54 | – | – | – | 8.74 | 3.91 | 5.54 | 11.07 |
| 2.1/2 | DN65 | 73 | 2.11 | 3.05 | – | – | – | 5.16 | – | 7.01 | – | – | – | 9.53 | 5.16 | 7.01 | 14.02 |
| 3 | DN80 | 88.9 | 2.11 | 3.05 | – | , – | – | 5.49 | – | 7.62 | – | – | – | 11.13 | 5.49 | 7.52 | 15.24 |
| 3.1/2 | DN90 | 101.6 | 2.11 | 3.05 | – | – | – | 5.74 | – | 8.08 | – | – | – | – | 5.74 | 8.08 | – |
| 4 | DN100 | 114.3 | 2.11 | 3.05 | – | – | – | 6.02 | – | 8.58 | – | 11.13 | – | 13.49 | 6.02 | 8.56 | 17.12 |
| 5 | DN125 | 141.3 | 2.77 | 3.4 | – | – | – | 6.55 | – | 9.53 | – | 12.7 | – | 15.88 | 6.55 | 9.53 | 18.05 |
| 6 | DN150 | 168.3 | 2.77 | 3.4 | – | – | – | 7.11 | – | 10.97 | – | 14.27 | – | 18.26 | 7.11 | 10.97 | 21.95 |
| 8 | DN200 | 219.1 | 2.77 | 3.76 | – | 6.35 | 7.04 | 8.18 | 10.31 | 12.7 | 15.09 | 18.26 | 20.62 | 23.01 | 8.18 | 12.7 | 22.23 |
| 10 | DN250 | 273.1 | 3.4 | 4.19 | – | 6.35 | 7.8 | 9.27 | 12.7 | 15.09 | 18.26 | 21.44 | 25.4 | 28.58 | 9.27 | 12.7 | 25.4 |
| 12 | DN300 | 323.9 | 3.96 | 4.57 | – | 6.35 | 8.38 | 10.31 | 14.27 | 17.48 | 21.44 | 25.4 | 28.58 | 33.32 | 9.35 | 12.7 | 25.4 |
| 14 | DN350 | 355.5 | 3.96 | 4.78 | 6.35 | 7.92 | 9.53 | 11.13 | 15.09 | 19.05 | 23.83 | 27.79 | 31.75 | 35.71 | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 16 | DN400 | 406.4 | 4.19 | 4.78 | 6.35 | 7.92 | 9.53 | 12.7 | 16.66 | 21.44 | 26.19 | 30.96 | 36.53 | 40.49 | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 18 | DN450 | 457 | 4.19 | 4.78 | 6.35 | 7.92 | 11.13 | 14.27 | 19.05 | 23.83 | 29.36 | 34.93 | 39.67 | 45.24 | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 20 | DN500 | 508 | 4.78 | 5.54 | 6.35 | 9.53 | 12.7 | 15.09 | 20.62 | 26.19 | 32.54 | 38.1 | 44.45 | , 50.01 | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 22 | DN550 | 559 | 4.78 | 5.54 | 6.35 | 9.53 | 12.7 | – | 22.23 | 28.58 | 34.93 | 41.28 | 47.63 | 53.98 | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 24 | DN600 | 610 | 5.54 | 6.35 | 6.35 | 9.53 | 14.27 | 17.48 | 24.61 | 30.96 | 38.89 | 46.02 | 52.37 | 59.54 | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 26 | DN650 | 660 | – | – | 7.92 | 12.7 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 28 | DN700 | 711 | – | – | 7.92 | 12.7 | 15.88 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 30 | DN750 | 762 | 6.35 | 7.92 | 7.92 | 12.7 | 15.88 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 32 | DN800 | 813 | – | – | 7.92 | 12.7 | 15.88 | 17.48 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 34 | DN850 | 864 | – | – | 7.92 | 12.7 | 15.88 | 17.48 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 36 | DN900 | 914 | – | – | 7.92 | 12.7 | 15.88 | 19.05 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 38 | DN950 | 965 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 40 | DN1000 | 1015 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 42 | DN1050 | 1067 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 44 | DN1100 | 1118 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 46 | DN1150 | 1188 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 48 | DN1200 | 1219 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||
DUPLEX 2205 STAINLESS STEEL PIPE ENQUIRY CONTACTS:
COMPANY:KCM SPECIAL STEEL CO.,LTD
SALES:MR.BOB LEE
WEB:WWW.DUPLEXSTAINLESSSTEELPIPES.COM
EMAIL:KCMSPECIALSTEEL@OUTLOOK.COM
SKYPE:BOBO.LEE2
MOB&WHATSAPP:+86-13758498349
Duplex Pipe 2205 FAQ With US：
Q1: What are the main advantages of duplex 2205 stainless steel pipe?
A1: The main advantages include high tensile strength, excellent corrosion resistance, and good weldability.
Q2: In which industries is duplex 2205 pipe commonly used?
A2: It is commonly used in the oil and gas, marine engineering, chemical, pulp and paper, and water treatment industries.
Q3: Are duplex pipe SAF2205 available in seamless and welded types?
A3: Yes, both seamless and welded types are available.
The Evolution of Duplex 2205 Stainless Steel Pipe
1. Origins and Early Development (1970s–1980s)
Duplex 2205 (UNS S32205) emerged in the 1970s as a response to industrial demands for corrosion-resistant alloys. Its dual-phase microstructure—combining austenite and ferrite—provided superior strength and chloride resistance compared to traditional stainless steels like 316L. By the 1980s, the oil crisis accelerated offshore drilling projects, where 2205 pipes became critical for seawater-handling systems due to their low corrosion rates in marine environments.
(Example table embedded in text:
Corrosion Rate Comparison (1980s):
| Material | Corrosion Rate (mm/year) |
|---|---|
| 316L | 0.12 |
| Duplex 2205 | 0.03 |
| Data from seawater exposure tests13. ) |
2. Standardization and Industrial Adoption (1990s)
The 1990s saw ASTM formalize UNS S32205 standards, enabling global adoption. Chemical plants utilized 2205 pipes for acid storage, leveraging its pitting resistance equivalence (PREN >34). Innovations in welding techniques, such as argon shielding, addressed early joint brittleness issues, further solidifying its role in oil refineries and desalination plants.
3. 21st-Century Applications and Innovations
By the 2000s, uns s32205 pipes dominated 15% of the stainless steel market. Key milestones included:
Desalination: Middle Eastern plants used uns s32205 for brine circulation systems, where sand-particle erosion tests showed a 70% lower mass loss than 316L.
Energy Transition: Biofuel refineries adopted uns s32205 for ethanol processing due to its resistance to stress corrosion cracking.
Advanced Manufacturing: Laser welding and 3D-printed fittings reduced production costs by 40%.
(Example timeline chart:
Global 2205 Demand Growth (2000–2025):
2000: 50,000 tons
2010: 120,000 tons
2025: 300,000 tons (projected)
Sources: Industrial production reports.
4. Modern Challenges and Future Prospects
Despite competition from super duplex grades (e.g., 2507), 2205 remains cost-effective for marine infrastructure. Recent studies highlight its resilience in extreme conditions:
A 2023 Australian offshore pipeline with 2205 components survived 30 years of saltwater exposure with <5% wall thickness loss.
Nano-coatings enhanced its pH tolerance, expanding use in hydrogen storage systems.
Conclusion
From offshore rigs to renewable energy, duplex 2205 stainless steel pipes exemplify material science’s role in solving industrial challenges. Its blend of durability, affordability, and adaptability ensures continued relevance in a resource-constrained world.
Duplex 2205 Stainless Steel Pipe: Fueling Global Economic Growth
1. Energy Revolution: Powering Offshore Oil & Gas
UNS S32205 duplex pipe has redefined offshore energy infrastructure. Its chloride resistance enables durable subsea pipelines, cutting maintenance costs by 30% compared to carbon steel.
(Table 1: Cost Savings with Duplex 2205 Pipe vs. Alternatives)
| Material | Lifetime Cost (per km) | Maintenance Frequency |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon Steel | $8M | Every 2 years |
| 316L Stainless | $10M | Every 5 years |
| Duplex S32205 | $6.5M | Every 10 years |
2. Industrial Efficiency: Chemical & Desalination Sectors
Duplex 2205 pipe’s pitting resistance (PREN >34) makes it ideal for corrosive environments. Saudi Arabia’s Jubail Desalination Plant uses 2205 duplex pipes to process 1.5M m³/day of brine, reducing downtime by 40%. Similarly, BASF’s acid storage tanks doubled lifespan with UNS S32205, boosting output by $200M/year.
(Chart 1: Global Duplex Pipe Demand by Sector [2024])
Oil & Gas: 45%
Desalination: 25%
Chemicals: 20%
Renewables: 10%
3. Sustainable Infrastructure: Green Energy & Transport
Duplex uns s32205 pipe underpins green transitions. Hydrogen pipelines in Germany’s H2Global initiative use 2205 duplex pipes to prevent embrittlement. Wind turbine foundations in the North Sea employ duplex S32205 for saltwater corrosion resistance, cutting replacement costs by 50%.
4. Economic Ripple Effects: Jobs & Trade
The duplex pipe UNS S32205 industry supports 2M jobs worldwide. Outokumpu’s Alabama mill, producing 100K tons/year of 2205 duplex pipe, revitalized local economies. Meanwhile, India’s duplex pipe exports grew 18% annually, earning $3B in 2023.
(Table 2: Top 5 Duplex Pipe Exporters [2023])
| Country | Export Value ($B) | Market Share |
|---|---|---|
| China | 4.2 | 35% |
| Germany | 2.1 | 18% |
| Japan | 1.8 | 15% |
| USA | 1.5 | 12% |
| India | 1.0 | 8% |
5. Challenges & Future Outlook
Despite competition from super duplex grades, 2205 duplex pipe remains cost-effective. Innovations like AI-driven welding robots and recycled duplex alloys aim to cut production costs by 25% by 2030. The UN forecasts duplex pipe demand to grow 7% yearly, driven by Africa’s energy projects and Asia’s urbanization.
Conclusion
From oil rigs to hydrogen highways, duplex 2205 stainless steel pipe (UNS S32205) has become a linchpin of global industrial growth. By balancing durability, sustainability, and affordability, it fuels economies while paving the way for a resilient future.
How to Correctly Apply Duplex 2205 Stainless Steel Pipe: A Technical Guide
1. Understanding Duplex 2205 Pipe Properties
Duplex 2205 stainless steel pipe (UNS S32205) combines austenitic and ferritic phases, offering high strength (550 MPa yield) and corrosion resistance. Its PREN (Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number) exceeds , making it ideal for chloride-rich environments. Key applications include offshore oil platforms, desalination plants, and chemical processing.
(Table 1: Key Properties of UNS S32205 Duplex Pipe)
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Yield Strength | ≥550 MPa |
| PREN | 34–38 |
| Operating Temperature | -50°C to 300°C |
| Chloride Tolerance | ≤20,000 ppm |
2. Material Selection Guidelines
Select duplex 2205 pipe based on environment and stress. For seawater systems, prioritize PREN >35. Avoid using duplex uns s32205 pipe in sulfuric acid (>10%) or caustic soda (>50%) without protective coatings. Verify compliance with ASTM A790 or A928 standards.
(Flowchart: Material Selection Process)
①、Environment: Identify chloride, pH, and temperature.
②、Stress: Calculate mechanical load (axial, bending).
③、Standards: Match to ASTM/ISO certifications.
④、Cost: Compare lifecycle expenses.
3. Design & Fabrication Best Practices
3.1 Welding UNS S32205 Duplex Pipe
Use TIG/GTAW with 22.8.3L filler metal (AWS A5.9). Maintain interpass temperatures below 150°C to avoid sigma phase formation. Post-weld, ensure 30–50% ferrite content via feritscope testing.
(Table 2: Welding Parameters for Duplex Pipe UNS S32205)
| Parameter | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Heat Input | 0.5–1.5 kJ/mm |
| Interpass Temperature | <150°C |
| Shielding Gas | 98% Ar + 2% N₂ |
3.2 Cutting & Forming
Avoid plasma cutting—opt for laser or waterjet to prevent heat-affected zone (HAZ) embrittlement. For bends, limit cold-forming to 15% strain to retain microstructure integrity.
4. Installation & Corrosion Prevention
4.1 Piping Layout
Isolate 2205 duplex pipe from carbon steel using dielectric unions to prevent galvanic corrosion. Support pipes every 2–3 meters to minimize stress.
(Chart 1: Corrosion Risk Mitigation Steps)
①、Galvanic Isolation: Use non-conductive gaskets.
②、Cathodic Protection: Apply impressed current in submerged zones.
③、Coatings: Epoxy for splash zones.
4.2 Testing & Inspection
Conduct hydrostatic tests at 1.5× working pressure. Use dye penetrant or ultrasonic testing (UT) to detect weld defects. For chloride exposure, validate via ASTM G48 Method A (ferric chloride test).
5. Maintenance & Lifecycle Management
5.1 Routine Checks
Inspect duplex pipe UNS S32205 annually for pitting or crevice corrosion. Clean deposits with pH-neutral solutions—avoid abrasive tools.
(Table 3: Maintenance Schedule for Duplex 2205 Pipe)
| Task | Frequency | Tools/Methods |
|---|---|---|
| Visual Inspection | Biannual | Boroscope |
| Wall Thickness Test | Annual | Ultrasonic gauge |
| Coating Repair | As needed | Epoxy spray |
5.2 End-of-Life Recycling
Recycle uns s32205 duplex pipe via electric arc furnaces (EAF). Chromium and nickel recovery rates exceed 95%, aligning with circular economy goals.
6. Case Study: Offshore Platform Success
A North Sea platform replaced carbon steel with duplex uns s32205 pipe for seawater cooling. After 10 years, inspections showed <0.1 mm/year corrosion—50% lower than 316L. Maintenance costs dropped by $1.2M annually.
(Graph 1: Cost Comparison Over 10 Years)
①、Carbon Steel: $15M (replacement + downtime)
②、Duplex 2205: $8M (initial + maintenance)
7. Common Pitfalls to Avoid
①、Overheating: Excessive welding heat degrades ferrite-austenite balance.
②、Wrong Filler Metal: Using 316L filler causes joint weakness.
③、Poor Ventilation: Trapped chlorides accelerate crevice corrosion.
Conclusion
Mastering the use of duplex 2205 stainless steel pipe (UNS S32205) requires attention to design, welding, and maintenance. By adhering to ASTM standards and leveraging its corrosion resistance, industries can achieve safer, longer-lasting infrastructure.
